What is von Willebrand disease?

Von Willebrand disease is a genetic bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, a crucial protein that helps platelets stick to blood vessel walls and aids in the formation of blood clots. This disorder can lead to excessive bleeding, particularly in response to injury or surgery, and can manifest in symptoms such as easy bruising, nosebleeds, and heavy menstrual bleeding. The genetic nature of von Willebrand disease means that it can be inherited in families, making it important for affected individuals to be aware of their condition for appropriate management and treatment.

The other options mischaracterize the condition; for instance, excess clotting does not pertain to von Willebrand disease, as it is primarily about inadequate clotting due to the protein deficiency. It is not attributed to a viral infection or a reaction to drugs, which further emphasizes the unique nature of this bleeding disorder in the context of hematology.