What is the role of protamine sulfate?

Protamine sulfate is primarily used as a specific antidote for the reversal of anticoagulation effects caused by heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting certain steps in the coagulation cascade, and in situations where rapid reversal of its effects is necessary—such as in cases of uncontrolled bleeding or urgent surgical procedures—protamine sulfate is administered.

When protamine sulfate is injected, it binds to heparin, thereby neutralizing its anticoagulant properties and restoring normal coagulation. This is crucial in medical practice, especially in situations where bleeding risks are heightened due to heparin use.

The other options do not accurately represent the function of protamine sulfate; for example, it does not induce thrombolysis, enhance fibrinolysis, or directly inhibit platelet function. Thus, its unique role in reversing anticoagulation makes it essential for managing heparin-related complications.