What does the term "apheresis" refer to?

The term "apheresis" refers specifically to a method used to remove and separate blood components from a donor or patient. This procedure allows for the selective extraction of certain cells or plasma while returning the remaining components back to the bloodstream. For example, apheresis can be used to collect plasma, platelets, or specific types of white blood cells, which can then be used for treatment of various medical conditions or for therapeutic purposes in the recipient.

The other options describe related processes in blood management but do not accurately define apheresis. Enhancing clotting factors is more related to treatment methods rather than separation and removal. Blood donation generally refers to the act of giving blood without the specifics of separation or returning components. Blood transfusion techniques involve administering blood products to patients and do not encompass the process of separating components from blood.